Original scientific paper
INVESTIGATING IMPACT OF SEA SAND MINING IN TUNDA ISLAND WATERS, INDONESIA BASED ON MIKE 21 MODELLING
2023, 81 (2) p. 0-0
Wawan Wahyudi, Dwi Martono, Suyud Utomo, Dwita Sutjiningsih
Abstract
In Indonesia, sea sand mining was introduced in the late 1970s, and one of the locations is Banten Province, Indonesia. Mining of sea sand in Banten waters began in 2003 after the issuance of a permit from the Regent of Serang Regency, namely Decree No. 540/Kep.68/Huk/2003 which has been updated with Regional Regulation of Serang Regency No.2 Year 2013 concerning Zoning Plan for Coastal and Small Island Areas in Serang Regency for 2013-2033. Investigations related to sea sand mining activities in Banten, Indonesia are needed in line with the principle of ecosystem sustainability. This study aims to analyze the impact of sea sand mining on the ecological quality of coral reef cover and hydro-oceanographic hue on Tunda Island. To identify coral reef cover, the survey method was used, while the hydrodynamics aspects were carried out by simulating bathymetric data, tidal, and wave patterns. Additionally, a simulation of sediment distribution was performed to determine the impact of sea sand mining using the MIKE 21 sand transport module. The percentage of coral cover in the West, East, and South of Tunda Island was 66.00%, 39.67%, and 28.15%, respectively. The maximum sea depth around the study location reached 70 m, while in the mining area it is relatively shallow. In the last 14 years, the dominant wave height ranged from 0.5-0.75 m or 49.02% and 0.25-0.50 m or 36.69 %. Additionally, the concentration of TSS was relatively high with a value of 40 mg/l to 60 mg/l. Based on the results, the most identified impact of sea sand mining on Tunda Island was the high concentration of TSS. This can be prevented by rotating TSHD vessels, especially in areas adjacent to Tunda Island