Original scientific paper
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF FLUVALINATE AND ESFENVALERATE ON MATURE TAREK, Alburnus tarichi (Güldenstädt, 1814)
2023, 81 (2) p. 0-0
Abstract
Fluvalinate and esfenvalerate are pyrethroid insecticides and are used to control insect pests. These pesticides may enter the aquatic environment in different ways after their use as a result, causing toxicity. Tarek, Alburnus tarichi is a fish of the Cyprinidae family and endemic to the Lake Van basin in Turkey. This study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of fluvalinate and esfenvalerate on mature tarek. For fluvalinate in bioassays, their average length was 20.6±1.2 cm and their average weigth was 93.9±14.0 g; tarek with an average length of 19.7±1.2 cm and an average weigth of 85.5±16.6 g were used for esfenvalerate. The fish were exposed using the semi-static test method for fluvalinate and the static test method for esfenvalerate. Toxicity tests were conducted under the natural photoperiod. Fluvalinate is available in concentrations of 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60 µg L-1, esfenvalerate 0.33, 0.67, 1.00, 1.34 µg L-1. The tests were continued for 96 hours at 13±1 °C using dechlorinated tap water. At the end of the toxicity tests, fluvalinate 96 hours median lethal concentration (LC50) 0.338 (0.230‒0.477) µg L-1, esfenvalerate 96 hours LC50 0.475 (0.293‒0.640) µg L-1 for mature tarek. Tarek were exposed to fluvalinate and esfenvalerate exhibited toxicity effects throughout the test, such as splashing, swimming energetically then slower, and loss of balance, increased respiratory frequency and contraction. Fluvalinate and esfenvalerate are highly toxic to tarek. Fluvalinate should not exceed 0.003 µg L-1 and esfenvalerate should not exceed 0.005 µg L-1 in freshwater environments where tarek lives.